1a.Knowing how the heart adapts during exercise requires knowledge of the cardiovascular system. The main function of the cardiovascular system is to maintain blood flow to every part of the body. Contains blood and vessels. The first vessel is the arteries and its function is to carry blood to the body. The second blood vessel is the capillaries. Capillaries carry blood to the heart, the heart then pumps the blood throughout the body. The four chambers of the heart are what allow the heart to pump blood throughout the body. The four chambers of the heart are the right atrium, the left atrium, the right ventricle and the left ventricle. During exercise, the body needs more oxygen to produce energy, in this case the lungs begin to ventilate faster than usual, oxygen is pumped into the body as it diffuses into the blood. As blood moves through the body towards the heart, it first enters the right atrium; here the blood is taken to the right ventricle. The right ventricle carries blood up to the lungs to increase oxygen levels. This phase is known as pulmonary circulation...