Topic > Cases of cancer during pregnancy - 1183

In this series of patients there were four cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, four cases of major or minor salivary glands and three carcinomas of the tongue. Diagnosis of head and neck cancer during pregnancy has impacted the gestation of birth, with the majority of those born preterm to allow for further therapeutic interventions. One patient terminated her pregnancy to undergo treatment. However, all newborns recovered well and there were no maternal deaths (needs to be confirmed). Diagnosis and management of cancer before pregnancy do not appear to result in adverse consequences. Head and neck cancer includes a number of cancers that originate in the head and neck. According to Parkin et al it is the fifth most common cancer in the world [Parkin, 2005 #5], but it is rare in young women and very rare in pregnancy. Counseling pregnant patients with head and neck cancer can be challenging and prognosis and survival depend on the type, stage and grade of the cancer. One thing is certain and that is that optimal management is provided as part of a multidisciplinary approach. Radiological studies, including CT and MRI, play a critical role in establishing the extent of local invasion, whether lymph nodes are involved, and to help stage the disease by detecting metastases. Lungs, liver, and bones are the most common sites of metastatic spread. The maximum recommended radiation dose in pregnancy is 50 mGy [Stovall, 1995 #6]. A CT has a dose of _________ which is well below the recommended maximum. An MRI is a preferable evaluation modality and even when contrast has been used it has not been associated with any teratogenic effect. CT scans could be more widely available and diagnosis in a suspected case should not be delayed because...... half of the article ...... major salivary gland tumors published by Hocwald et al in Laryngoscope, including positive prognostic factors female gender, younger age and lack of perineural invasion, lack of facial nerve involvement and negative lymph nodes. Conclusion The management of head and neck cancers is quite variable, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary input. Symptoms may be nonspecific but investigations should not be delayed if indicated. Ideally, although pregnancy management should conform to standard practices in the non-pregnant population, this may not always be feasible. Further studies are needed to help determine whether the benefits of radiation therapy in pregnancy in terms of reducing tumor recurrence and death can be balanced with the risks to the fetus. The role of concurrent chemoradiotherapy needs further evaluation for head and neck cancer in pregnancy.