Topic > The Lasting Effects of Title IX on Gender Equality in…

IntroductionAmerican culture places a great emphasis on athletics; including the popular sports of football, basketball and baseball. Many children are encouraged to participate in sports from an early age by their parents. Some parents believe that participation in team athletics instills discipline, teamwork, and the values ​​of hard work and perseverance in their children. Before the 1970s, masculinity was a concept rooted in athletics, and since the 1970s it has only subsided slightly. By the early 1970s it became apparent that legislation would be needed to advance the cause of athletic equality between men and women. In 1972, a series of educational amendments to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were passed. One of the most influential parts of this amendment is still Title IX. Title IX states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance..." . (Kuhn, 1977) Since the passage of Title IX, there have been many more opportunities for both males and females in all aspects of athletics (Preist, 2003). While there has been a notable increase in sports participation and opportunities offered to young people, there have also been negative effects of the bill. Many drastic changes have occurred in our society and our sport in the time since Title IX was passed. During this transition period, there have been changes in financial, cultural and social dynamics at all levels of sport. FINANCIAL IMPACTS Since 1972, the United States has widely embraced this bill, and many states have extended the changes created by Title IX to recreational sports programs. ...... half of the sheet ......03). All Construction IX: The Impact of Title IX: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Journal of Women in Sport and Physical Activity, 12(2), 27.Rosenthal, C.S. (2008). Sports discourse: How gender shapes the discursive framing of Title IX. Politics and Gender, 4(01), 65-92. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X08000032Stevenson, B. (2007). Title IX and the evolution of high school sports. Contemporary Economic Policy, 25(4), 486-505.Thelin, J.R. (2000). Good sport? Historical perspective on the political economy of intercollegiate athletics in the Title IX era, 1972-1997. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 391. Retrieved April 1, 2014, from http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649145 Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972. (n.d.). Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972. Retrieved March 10, 2014, from http://www.dol.gov/oasam/regs/statutes/titleix.htm