Topic > Modernism and Existentialism - 1741

However, unlike Hediger, Sartre divides being into two main types, being in itself and being for itself. Being in itself refers to an existence that is equivalent to the object itself (Sartre, 1943, 313). The being of a certain object is decided by its very existence but is not based on identification or external judgment. Otherwise, being for itself is decided and identified by man's subjective consciousness. Then, since the substance of consciousness consists in consciousness itself, man's being is eternal and surpasses itself. Consequently, in Sartre's theory, the human surpasses itself in its being forever and cannot occupy the being of itself, which implies that “existence precedes essence”, as stated by Sartre (Sartre , 1943, 315). In general, based on Christian existentialism which recognizes spiritual existence externally, Sartre states that human being exists and appears before the demonstration of human substance, which shows that, according to Sartre, man's being-self is the mostly primary being and the non-existence of “me” means the non-existence of anything else. Following this logic, Sartre argues that it is “myself,” the manifestation of the consciousness of “being,” that decides the nature of the “me.” More, Sartre