During the 17th century, most countries were ruled by a single monarch. No power was given to the common people of the society. Therefore, many common people were subjected to the abuse of a monarch's power. John Locke was an important philosopher at that time because he saw a vision that had traditionally not been talked about or expressed before. John Locke describes his ideal society in his book The Two Treatises of Civil Government: “To properly understand political power, and derive it from its origin, we must consider what state all men are naturally in, namely, a state of perfect liberty for order their actions and dispose of their property and persons as they see fit, within the limits of the law of nature, without asking permission or depending on the will of any other man”