A country's infant mortality rate is said to be a “reflection of a society's commitment to ensuring access to healthcare, adequate nutrition ... and a sufficient income to prevent the negative consequences of poverty”(1). As defined by the World Data Bank, a country's infant mortality rate is measured by the number of newborns, per 1,000 live births, who do not survive beyond one year of age (3). The female unemployment rate refers to the percentage of the female workforce that is jobless but available and looking for work (2). Previous research conducted by the Canadian Public Health Association has shown that unemployment can cause “direct material deprivation,” which could compromise child survival (4). Greater understanding of this relationship could inform national and international efforts to support unemployed mothers. It is reasonable to consider that there is a relationship between a country's level of female unemployment and its infant mortality rate. Thesis Considering the importance that access to adequate medical care, sufficient nutrients, and other resources have on the survival of young children, there will be a weak correlation between female unemployment and a country's infant mortality rate. It has previously been shown that unemployment can cause “direct material deprivation”. Due to a lack of financial resources, a woman may not be able to procure the basic necessities for her child's survival. On the contrary, a woman who works and receives a sufficient income will be able to provide such materials (4). This will show up in data showing an increase in infant mortality as the female unemployment rate rises. One and two variable statistics… half of the document… about 79% are in Africa. The high infant mortality rate in these countries can be seen as a result of high levels of war and political conflict, human trafficking and slavery, poor living conditions and limited access to basic necessities such as clean water and food (12). In contrast, the top 25% on this variable consisted of 79% European countries, 13% Asian countries, and 8% North American and Caribbean countries. Analyzing the highest and lowest 25% of countries by average female unemployment rate, a variety of developed countries and developing countries from all continents were represented. Within the richest 25% are developing countries such as Sierra Leone and Gambia, where a very high percentage of women are employed in the agricultural and informal sectors, but work very long hours and receive little or no income. (9,13).