Since its inception in 1883, eugenics has long been a subject of controversy and a forum for discussion of ethics and morality. Positive eugenics, defined as "encouraging reproduction by people presumed to have hereditary desirable traits", is considered a benevolent form of eugenics, but can be used for sinister purposes. Negative eugenics, officially defined as "discouraging reproduction by people with genetic defects or presumed to have inherited undesirable traits," is perhaps the best-known variety of eugenics, with notable examples such as the Holocaust and forced sterilization. Furthermore, the negative connotation makes it difficult to support both types of eugenics and instead raises doubts about its relevance. Both positive and negative eugenics can be used to justify racism, prejudice, and other forms of intolerance and violence; therefore, neither variety of eugenics should be promoted. Positive eugenics aims to improve the quality of life through increased reproduction by those in society believed to possess the best traits, and this feat is usually accomplished through voluntary measures. This form of eugenics was the original form, defined in 1883 by British scientist Francis Galton as “a moral philosophy for improving mankind by encouraging the ablest and healthiest people to have more children.” The modern definition of positive eugenics is almost identical to this. Galton, a relative of evolutionary pioneer Charles Darwin, is considered the father of the eugenics movement. Galton argued that the human race could be improved by “artificial selection,” achieved through breeding those with desired traits, leading to an improved human race over……middle of paper……. " Francis Galton. Np, nd Web. April 24, 2014..Hix, Laura. "Helix Magazine." Modern Eugenics: Building a Better Person?. Np, July 23, 2009.Web. April 24, 2014. .Lombardo, Paul "Origini social issues of eugenics." NP, nd Web. 24 April 2014. "People and Events: Eugenics and the Control of births". .Reich, Warren. Encyclopedia of Bioethics New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995. Print. "A Scientific Odyssey: People and Discoveries." PBS.2 Web. 2014..