Structural adjustment programs applied through the IMF become quite problematic because they impact public services that help the most needy (McMichael). Punishment programs such as SAPs exacerbate poverty in countries that have been most affected by the debt regime, such as Mexico. As a result of this poverty, malnutrition increased as staple foods such as tortillas, beans, and dehydrated milk were eliminated (McMichael). While this may seem trivial, it is actually crucial because it shows how the exploitation of other countries can have a negative impact on people's way of life, but also take more seriously the threats they have faced in order to survive. Import substitution and industrialization (ISI) was a trade policy most commonly applied by governments across Latin America. The ISI's goal is to protect all local industries through subsidies and quotas so that other large industries do not take them over (McMichael). This is significant because if this policy were not adopted, poor Latin American countries would still have the problem of not being able to grow economically. Keynesian policies were imported to the Global South as countries adopted the ISI model to their advantage as well as others