When it comes to contract negotiations, unions may differ from each other in different industries, but they usually share the same goals when it comes to contract negotiations (Sloane & Witney, 2010 ). During these procedures, claims are usually made by both parties, the employer and the union; The main goal of this process is to negotiate a written agreement between them that covers a multitude of issues and concerns (Sloane & Witney, 2010). These conversations typically represent the most contentious part of the relationship between unions and management, especially when it comes to wage issues (Mayhew, n.d.). This author will review wages and wage-related issues, employee benefits, institutional issues, administrative clauses, and make recommendations that will prevent wage-related complaints from occurring. Wages and Wage-Related Issues Wages and benefits are the key motivation that people go to work every day; in addition to hourly or annual wages, most employees have access to employer-sponsored health coverage, paid time off, and other benefits (Findlaw.com, n.d.). Therefore, when it comes to negotiations, wage disputes are by far the most important cause of strikes when unions and employers reach an impasse during these talks (Sloane & Witney, 2010). Over the past decade, wage issues have accounted for approximately 40% of all such work stoppages (Gorman, 2004). Since employees' wages are normally their only source of income, we can understand why they play such a significant and controversial role in unions and management relations (Gorman, 2004). This is why base salary, overtime, differentials and adjustments are the most significant issue... halfway through the document... will also agree to accept lower wages if other personal needs are met, such as other benefits that include health insurance; life and disability insurance; pension; paid holidays; and sick time such as medical benefits, hours, working conditions, and workload expectations (Dorining, 2015). Ultimately, workers desire a positive unity between work and their personal affairs, and wages allow them to successfully achieve these goals. When productivity is threatened, employee wages may be put in jeopardy by the employer attempting to address their operational and financial issues as they relate to wages, salary issues, employee benefits, and institutional and administrative covenants (Sloane & Witney, 2010). Therefore, the ultimate goal during the collective bargaining process is to assure both the union and the employer of their wage expectations in the final agreement..