1. IntroductionSociologists like Karl Marx. Durkheim, Weber, Comte and many others are known as the founding fathers of sociology: those who shaped sociology. These sociologists are well known to sociology students and other individuals in society, all over the world. This could be the result of being cited in every sociology book and being the most reliable source even today. The founding fathers of sociology are believed to have created sociological theories from the social contexts that were occurring in Europe during the periods of industrial revolution, class conflict, and the modern state. Furthermore, these authors, together with other sociologists from metropolitan countries such as Great Britain, the United States and France, became the dominant power and are still considered the dominant powers of sociology. However, Connell (2007: vii) states that “the dominant power reshaping our world seeks to close, rather than open, society's self-knowledge. In such a world, the social sciences have a vital democratic role to play. But social science is, at best, ambiguously democratic. The dominant genres represent the world seen by men, by capitalists, by educated and wealthy people. Above all, they imagine the world as seen from the rich capital-exporting countries of Europe and North America, the global metropolis. Basing society's knowledge on other experiences remains a fragile project." Therefore the purpose of this essay is to evaluate the above statement by Raewyn Connell. The essay will consider the distinction that Connell draws between Northern and Southern theory, expounding arguments drawn from different societies around the world.2. Northern theory2.1 history of sociologyConnell (2007:4) states that the history of the founding fathers of s...... middle of paper...... information coming from the non-metropolis is framed by concepts, debates and research strategies from the metropolis (Connell, 2007: 64). Connell proposes that the reason for this may be because methodological projects are organized in the United States and also funded by the US government. However, Connell presents us with two approaches to Immanuel Wallerstein. The first approach is the world system approach while the second is the social system approach. The world systems approach offers an alternative to sociology's focus on the metropolis and globalization view. Furthermore, the world system approach studies the relationship between the metropolis and the periphery. Unlike the world system approach, the social system approach sees the metropolis as the sole intellectual subject, meaning that the rest of the world is treated as objects.