Formal channels have a structured chain of command that follows the communication followed by a police organization. This gives the police organization structure, order and security. Written communications, such as memoranda, must be properly drafted and approved by the chain of command who will approve them. Formal leadership also helps police organization personnel receive the same communication throughout the organization. This allows for a more personal view of the communication, ensures that the communication is conveyed, and allows for a more personal view of the communications to spot any errors. A huge benefit of formal communication is that it establishes a paper trail of communication. This helps hold personnel accountable for communication and also creates a paper trail for legal purposes. Formal commutation plays a vital role in court hearings. Even formal communication usually proceeds from the top down. Informal channels are any communication that does not follow or use the chain of command. This type of communication comes through gossip, rumors, daily conversations and any other type of non-formal communication. An informal communication channel may also take place because communication needs to be done in a timely manner. This channel can also be used when police officers, investigators, and other police organization personnel participate in conversations about a case, policy, procedure, and so on. Informal communication is used at all levels of the chain