This document will discuss several aspects of using evidence-based research. It will compare and contrast validity with reliability and address the question of how it is possible to have a valid and unreliable instrument. It will also examine Type I and Type II errors, as well as the differences between parametric and nonparametric. Finally, this paper will look at probability and what the minimum level of significance is for a research paper. Validity is essentially the degree to which a conception is well-founded and accurately parallels the real world. Validity is the instrument that measures what a particular research was expected to measure (Schmitt & Brown, 2012). There are several types of validity, but the ones that will be discussed in this article are concurrent and predictive. Concurrent validity involves taking an already validated item and testing it with another measurement tool. This means that there was already a hypothesis proven right or wrong and now the researcher will test this same hypothesis but use another type of tool to see if the result...