Despite their hardships, women were able to organize themselves into groups aimed at championing women's causes. They did this by establishing secret schools and health clinics. Below are some well-known organizations that have evolved as a result. Women-led organizations in AfghanistanAWC Afghan Women's CouncilREFWID Feminist Majority Foundation of Refugee women in Development IncCCA Cooperation Center for AfghansAWN Educators and Human Rights Commission in Pakistan, Afghan Women NetworkWAPHA Women's Alliance for Peace and Human Rights in AfghanistanRAWA Women's Revolutionary Association of AfghanistanAmong those listed above, the Women's Revolutionary Association of Afghanistan (RAWA) is the most important. This flagship resistance movement was founded by Meena Keshwar Kamal in 1977 and did everything possible to fight Islamic fundamentalists. Although Meena was martyred in 1987, RAWA continued its efforts to improve the social conditions of Afghan women. Meena (1956-1987), founder of RAWA Source: http://www.rawa.org/women.php The fall of the Taliban and the way forward The collapse of the Taliban regime in 2001, by the Northern Alliance, followed by the establishment of a temporary Afghan government under the Bonn Agreement, emancipated the women and girls of Afghanistan from their oppressive masters (AMIRI et al, (2004) However, while in some quarters women's liberation and of girls under the interim government was welcomed, in some quarters there was vehement opposition, especially among traditionalists. Traditionalists opposed the sending of over three million women and girls.... . half of the document...... women” Tanaka, (2001) This is especially true and relevant when referring to emergency management issues and human rights issues such as what happened first in Japan in the 1930s and '40, in Afghanistan. As the emergency management profession evolves, more needs to be done on a global and national scale in terms of policies, with strong sanctions, to discourage one group from victimizing another, with particular attention to already vulnerable groups such as children, women, the elderly, people with physical disabilities, deaf and blind people, the homeless and refugees or minority groups. Furthermore, more research is needed to understand why people of the same ethnicity, religion and social background inflict such tyranny on their own people. We see this repeated with African tribes such as the Hussies and Tutsis, in North and South Korea,