1. Introduction Motorcycles and scooters are a travel method typically overlooked in traffic and transport planning in Australia. As a result, a significant knowledge gap exists on the topic of interest as past research rarely considers motorcycles in terms equivalent to other travel modes. To understand commuting by motorcycle and scooter, comprehensive data is needed. The Australian Census “Journey to Work” (JTW) data provides a source that allows analysis over time and between places. This data source has rarely been analyzed for the context of motorcycle and scooter commuting in Australia. The overall aim of this study is to improve understanding of the use of motorcycles and scooters. Motorcycles and scooters are a growing method of travel and it is vital to be able to quantify and understand what is happening in Australia, particularly where these vehicles are used for utilitarian rather than recreational travel. Although the use of motorcycles and scooters presents high safety concerns, emphasis still needs to be placed on the uses of this modality to improve the limited knowledge on this topic. The traditional approach to reducing congestion in cities is to increase the use of public transport. Motorcycles and scooters offer the opportunity to improve urban mobility thanks to their small spatial footprint. A slight shift in traffic composition from private vehicles, such as cars, to motorcycles will significantly reduce traffic congestion (Yperman, 2011). Furthermore, motorcycles and scooters have small displacement engines and as such consume much less fuel and emit fewer greenhouse gases than cars. In this study, the objective is to identify trends in mo...... half of paper vehicles satisfy these problems as they have advantageous traffic maneuverability and smaller engines which result in lower fuel consumption and a lower release of greenhouse gases. On most car journeys there is only the driver, motorbikes and scooters carry the same amount of people but in a much smaller profile, significantly reducing travel times and overall congestion. There is an increasing trend in motorcycle and scooter registrations in Australia. The usage patterns of this modality differ between developed and developing countries. Cyclists in developed countries typically ride motorcycles or scooters for recreational uses, while cyclists in developing countries primarily use them for utility purposes. However, a good proportion of cyclists in Australia use this mode to commute to work and as such it needs to be analyzed further with the use of JTW data in the following sections.