The purpose of a slave narrative during the American abolitionist movement was to directly address the violent truth of slavery. But what effect did the truth of their autobiographical stories have on readers then? Within this essay I will explore themes such as truth, motherhood, and religion and how they interact as narrative strategies. To support the analyses, my primary authors will be William Wells Brown, Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Jacobs 1. The primary texts shown are written in a pre-war entry to the American Civil War (1861-65), so it is interesting to see that the two male authors they use their own identity to title their work despite the risks this entails, unlike Jacobs who uses pseudonyms to portray his story. In all three texts there is a familiar structure. Olney comments on how this is “a sense not of uniqueness but of overwhelming sameness” 2. He continues to state how slave narratives follow a “chronological, episodic narrative that begins with an assertion of existence” 3. This can be seen in my major lyrics, for example, "I was born in Tuckahoe" (Douglass, Narrative, p.2072) and "I was born a slave" (Jacobs, Incidents, p.1809). On the other hand, Heermance disagrees, stating that the “specifically personal, […] unique and exotic nature […] made each narrative intriguingly different from its brethren” 4. This quote supports the individuality of each slave and their reactions and representations of the different forms of violence suffered. However, Andrews justifies the similarity of structures within slave narratives; "The narrators of the former slaves and their sponsors had learned that [...] the facts were traced in certain types of narrative structures... in the middle of the paper... this analysis of the strategies to conclude, I believe that the theme of religion creates a greater impact in the narratives. This is because even without being religious, the Scriptures are known, so the quotes are recognizable, the storytellers themselves were an important part of the abolitionist movement, especially Douglass who wrote and gave many speeches'. Morality and religion were one and the same for Frederick Douglass, and it should be no surprise that [...] (Matthew 7:12) became for him the perfect embodiment of human equality' 15. It thus concludes that religion within of the narratives, the slave owners' misconception of the Scriptures and their ungodly violence based on those misinterpretations was exposed. The narratives tactfully show the true and righteous intentions intended by God for all mankind, and without doubtless this greatly helped the abolitionist movement.
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