Types and sources of conflictsThe perception of working life takes into consideration the existence of differences in interests, values and cultural backgrounds between employees, which make working relationships more pluralistic and diversified . In any case, it is impossible to avoid conflict situations, which are considered a natural process to achieve cooperation within the work environment (Leopold, Harris, Watson, 1999). Effective management of conflict situations includes understanding and analyzing the types and sources of conflict conditions. In most cases, a conflict is associated with aggressive or hostile behavior, but it can also remain silent or hidden. In this regard, we can outline two main types of conflicts: at the level of interests and at the level of behavior. Conflict of interest appears when managers and employees view the desired outcomes of work performance differently. While the level of behavioral conflict exists when parties clash over perceived differences and engage in open confrontation (Leopold, Harris, Watson, 1999). The two types of conflicts mentioned above can arise from several main sources, which are: Organizational. This source is related to hierarchy and the inability to resolve conflict of interest. The "employees vs management" problem still exists in many organizations, as a result there is tension created by the difference in levels of responsibility between employees and between different departments. Conflicts may arise over the distribution of resources, dispersion of responsibilities, workload, perks and benefits, different levels of acceptance of risk taking, and changing views on responsibility (Donais, 2006). Miscommunication...... half of the document ... ... environment that leads to more stress and conflict related to changes in management style, downsizing/promotion and modern work technologies. Many workplaces suffer from constant reorganization, leading to further stress and conflict. External factors. Economic forces such as recession, market fluctuations, domestic and foreign competition are factors that affect all employees in different countries. Conflicts with customers and contractors may exist which affect customer service and delivery of goods. Public and non-profit workplaces in particular can also face political pressures and demands from special interest groups (Donais, 2006). Changes in government policies can have sufficient influence, especially on public and non-profit organizations. These concerns can lead to conflict between employees and even between higher levels of management.
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