IntroductionElectricity plays a vital role in the development of South Africa's economy, historically South Africa relied primarily on coal for electricity generation, making the electricity sector one of major emitters of greenhouse gases(), however, this nation has enormous potential to produce cleaner electricity through renewable resources. The challenge at the moment is that those sources are still very expensive and coal is still the cheapest source to produce electricity (Kinghorn, 2014). This report will discuss electricity supply, its demand, challenges and future energy mix in South Africa, a conclusion will be drawn from the facts and opinions discussed in the report. ” based on presentation made by Mr AJ Kinghorn on 24 April 2014 to fourth year mining engineering students at the University of the Witwatersrand Energy supply South Africa generates over half of the electricity used on the African continent and has three sets of electricity generators: the national public electricity service, municipal and car generators, and industries that generate electricity for their own use (UCT, 2006). Eskom, which is the state-owned utility company and generates 95% of the national public electricity in South Africa, with the remaining percentage going to self-producing industries and municipalities (Ner, 2001). Electricity production in South Africa comes largely from conventional coal-fired power plants. South African coal deposits are located in the province of Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Limpopo and the Free State. This then led to the construction of power plants around those areas because it can be expensive to transport coal long distances. Over 92% of the world's population relies primarily on coal for electricity production, making the electricity sector a major emitter of greenhouse gases. Eskom, which is the state-owned utility company and generates 95% of the national public electricity in South Africa, electricity generation in South Africa comes largely from conventional coal-fired power plants and other forms of generation come from a nuclear, gas turbines and hydropower which is all owned by eskom. The demand for electricity has reduced the margins of electricity reserves, industries are the largest demanders of electricity, coal pollutes not only the air but also the water, and yet it will still be used as the main source of electricity thanks to its availability and affordability. But the Integrated Resource Plan 2010-2030 highlights that dependence on coal would decrease 2030