Authoritarian parenting tends to have a negative relationship with their children's cognitive performance on developmental tests and academic self-concept. Parents' authoritarian beliefs about children have been found to be directly related to children's low cognitive performance due to the pressure they place on the child (Camp et al., 1982; Miller, 1988; Steinberg, Lamborn, Darling, & Mounts, 1994). Where authoritative parenting has been linked to several cognitive outcomes. Positive parental emotional support associated with authoritative parenting style has been found to have a positive impact on children's overall cognitive functioning (Bretherton, 1985; Estrada, Arsenio, Hess, & Holloway, 1987; Mattanah, 2005). become more capable in skills related to cognitive outcomes. Furthermore, positive parent-child relationships are linked to greater responsiveness, which is related to appropriate tutoring and scaffolding techniques, leading to better cognitive outcomes, compared to children of authoritarian parents (Pratt et al..,
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