Topic > A Freudian Examination of the Life of Pi by Yann Martel

Society is known to put everyone and everything into roles that if or when the assigned role is changed, all hell breaks loose. Through Freud's theory, he explains the behaviors associated with the id, ego and superego. Being that Pi was someone who had been relatively wealthy before embarking on his journey to Canada and then thrown into a new scenario that sees him become a starving survivor of a shipwreck stuck in a boat with a tiger threatening to eat him, one can see Freud's theory displayed. Looking at the events that happen throughout Yann Martel's Life of Pi, it is observable that he creates an impressive relationship between Freud's theory of the Id, the Ego and the Superego and the mental facade of Pi while using a paradox all 'interior of specific animals, as well as its struggle for survival. According to Sigmund Freud, the id is composed of two different types of biological instincts classified as Eros and Thanatos. Eros is the life instinct that helps people survive by directing life-sustaining activities. Some examples of these activities would be breathing, eating, and having sex. It is known that these life instincts give people the energy called libido. Thanatos is the opposite of Eros; it is death instinct. The death instinct is seen as the destructive forces that exist in every person. This is a form of energy that manifests as aggression and violence towards others. Sigmund Freud thought that Thanatos was not as strong as Eros because people were able to survive instead of destroying themselves (McLeod). Both of these elements appear in Yann Martel's Life of Pi and aid in the creation of the story. Eros is shown when the hyena eats the zebra's broken fishing line... center of the card... eating the zebra alive in chapter 45. Another example of Thanatos is shown when the hyena puts a hole in the zebra and Pi feels a sense of hatred towards the hyena for having injured the zebra and even thinks of attacking it. A split of the id and ego between Pi and Richard Parker is also shown by showing that Richard Parker is an imaginary tiger created by Pi to keep him alive and focused on staying alive. Pi eventually abandons his superego and begins eating meat, even though he was a strict vegetarian before he was lost at sea. Throughout Yann Martel's Life of Pi, the story connects to Freud's theories in several ways that are made blatantly obvious; these relationships are what bring this story together to keep the reader engaged and interested. Works Cited Martel, Yann. Life of Pi: A Novel. New York: Harcourt, 2001. Print.